RomanHeritage
is a non-profit cultural website about Ancient Rome, with Republican & Imperial Roman sites, roman ruins, Museums, books & movies, re-enactment groups, statues, Mosaics, frescoes, bronzes, etc.
Roman Heritage / Legado Romano
web sin ánimo de lucro sobre el Imperio romano, los yacimientos, ruinas romanas, museos, libros y películas, reconstrucción histórica, estatuas, mosaicos, frescos, etc.
Roman Heritage /Heredité Romaine
c'est une website sur l'empire Romain avec de Ruines romaines, museés, livres et films, groupes de reconstrucion historique, statues, mosaics et frescos.
Israel Judea
The Roman province of Palestine (before Iudaea) corresponds to which today's Jews continue to call Eretz Israel, the Land of Israel, covering the Kingdom of Judah, Galilee, Samaria and the Golan Heights.
63 BC. Syria is annexed to the Roman Empire by Pompey marching Judea to secure the border. His intervention in the struggle for the throne between the brothers Aristobulus and Hyrcanus Jews, Judea becomes a client kingdom of Rome.
4 BC Building Iudaea Province with territories of the Kingdom of Judah, Samaria, Idumea, and Trachonitis Batanea governed by a prefect.
In 67 there is a revolt of the Jews, taking care to crush General Vespasian. In the year 69, he goes to Rome to be crowned emperor, leaving his son Titus in command, in 70 AD. Jewish revolt ends with the Roman victory, whose troops destroyed the Second Temple. Diaspora occurs. In the year 72, the fortress of Masada is destroyed, the last bastion of Jewish resistance.
135 A.D. Rome smothers the Jewish rebellion of Ben Kochba, forbidding Jews to reside in and around Jerusalem, renamed Jerusalem Aelia Capitolina the colony and province by province Iudaea-Palaestina Syria (Syria-Palestine)
In the twelfth century BC various Semitic peoples from the Arabian desert, including the Hebrews and the Phoenicians, move to the area closest to the Mediterranean. Situated between the great civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt are strong cultural influences. The Hebrews e settle in the land of Canaan inhabited by the Canaanites and later by an Aryan people, the Philistines, who called this region Philistines. This is then known as Palestine.
The Hebrew people were engaged in agriculture with Mediterranean crops, mainly olive and vine. They were also involved in grazing sheep and goats, oxen, donkeys, horses and camels. They were good craftsmen of ceramics and textiles, especially linen fabrics.
But their greater economic power comes to them by the strategic situation of Palestine, a stopping point for trade caravans linking Mesopotamia and Egypt. Exporting oil and wine, imported metals, ivory and spices and controlling the caravan routes. In times of King Solomon they even created a fleet to trade in the Red Sea.
Jewish society was patriarchal and they practiced slavery. They are grouped into family clans led by the eldest man who acts as priest, judge and general in wartimes. According to the tradition contained in the Bible, the patriarch Abraham made a covenant with their god, Yahweh, who promised the land of Canaan if their clan were true to their God.
From his grandson Jacob or Israel, the Jews began to be called Israel and divided into twelve tribes united only by a strong religious bond but can be grouped in times of war under a single head called Judge. Later he briefly converted into a kingdom but the death of King Solomon, the kingdom is divided into two, lost the monopoly of trade routes and, therefore, its economic importance. The ten northern tribes formed the Kingdom of Israel with its capital in Samaria. The two southern tribes create the Kingdom of Judah with its capital in Jerusalem.
The religion of the Israelites is what differentiates them from other surrounding villages. It is the first monotheistic religion with a god and intangible good and just, therefore, can not assume anthropomorphic features, identified with the forces of nature or even be represented. Includes the announcement of a liberating Messiah and a future in which justice and the good spread across the land. Moreover Yahweh imposes ethical standards with him and the relationship of people to each other and intervenes directly in the actions of Jews telling them how to act.
Submitted by neo-Babylonian Empire of Nebuchadnezzar II and then by Cyrus the Great of the Persian Empire, Jews are again in the old politically independent state passing first through the Greek domination and then the Romans. But their religion allowed them to maintain their beliefs and customs through successive diasporas and centuries and are the only ancient town that exists today.
Jerusalem. Wailing Wall, that are not Roman, was commissioned to be built by Herod the Great during the Roman occupation, as a basis for the esplanade of the temple. The medieval city is now a walled city.
Scythopolis (now Beit Shean), located in the Jordan Valley some 30 km. south of the Sea of Galilee. Colonnaded streets, temples, ninfeo, baths, theater, amphitheater, aqueduct.
Masada, Herod's fortress and temple
Caesarea: circus, theater, museum, houses with mosaics, aqueducts, etc.
